{"id":119,"date":"2024-10-23T06:37:40","date_gmt":"2024-10-23T06:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/?p=119"},"modified":"2024-10-23T06:37:40","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T06:37:40","slug":"mide-kanseri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/?p=119","title":{"rendered":"\ufeff \ufeff\ufeffMide Kanseri\ufeff\ufeff \ufeff\ufeff"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Mide, yemek borusu ve ince ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Midenin her iki ucunda sfinkter ad\u0131 verilen birer vana vard\u0131r. Yemek borusu ve midenin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki valf kardiyac sfinkter olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Midenin alt k\u0131sm\u0131 ve duodenum aras\u0131ndaki valfe pilor sfinkter denir.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mide kanseri genellikle bir \u00fclser \u015feklinde ba\u015flar. Agresif yap\u0131da olup direk kom\u015fulukla, lenfatik yolla, kan yoluyla ve kar\u0131n i\u00e7inde ekim yoluyla yay\u0131labilir. Mide t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc, midenin d\u0131\u015f tabakas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inden b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek pankreas, \u00f6zefagus veya ba\u011f\u0131rsak gibi \u00e7evre organlar\u0131n i\u00e7ine do\u011fru uzanabilir. Mide kanseri h\u00fccreleri kan yoluyla karaci\u011fer, akci\u011ferler ve di\u011fer organlara yay\u0131labilir. Mortalite oranlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kad\u0131nlarda 3., erkeklerde 2. kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada her y\u0131l yakla\u015f\u0131k 900.000 insan mide kanseri nedeniyle \u00f6lmektedir. Kanser h\u00fccreleri ayr\u0131ca lenfatik sistem arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla v\u00fccuttaki t\u00fcm lenf bezlerine yay\u0131labilir. Mide kanserine d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her b\u00f6lgesinde rastlanmakla beraber baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde daha s\u0131kt\u0131r. Japonya, Malezya, \u015eili, \u0130zlanda bu b\u00f6lgelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede erkeklerde kad\u0131nlara oranla iki kat daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. En s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya\u015flar 50-60\u2019l\u0131 ya\u015flard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sosyoekonomik d\u00fczeyli toplumlarda s\u0131kl\u0131k y\u00fckselir. \u00d6zellikle Japonya\u2019da mide kanserine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131 gerek erken tarama ve gerekse halk\u0131n bu konudaki duyarl\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ok azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tuzlu ve t\u00fcts\u00fclenmi\u015f yiyeceklerin yer almas\u0131 nedeniyle mide kanseri Japonya\u2019da y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Risk Fakt\u00f6rleri<\/h4>\n<p>\u2022 Ya\u015f: Hastalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu 72 ya\u015f veya \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Cinsiyet: Erkeklerde kad\u0131nlara g\u00f6re daha fazla geli\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Irk: Asya ve Afrika toplumunda Amerikan toplumuna g\u00f6re daha fazla g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Diyet: T\u00fcts\u00fclenmi\u015f, tuzlanm\u0131\u015f, tur\u015fuya bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tuzlu yiyeceklerden zengin yiyecekleri yiyenlerde mide kanseri geli\u015fme riski artmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan taze sebze meyvelerin yenilmesi, y\u00fcksek doz C vitamini al\u0131m\u0131, sar\u0131msak, ye\u015fil \u00e7ay bu hastal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 koruyucu olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Helikobakter pilori (HP) infeksiyonu: HP infeksiyonu mide iltihab\u0131, mide \u00fclseri ve mide kanseri riskini art\u0131rmaktad\u0131r, fakat bu bakteriyle enfekte olan ki\u015filerin sadece \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda mide kanseri geli\u015fir. HP infeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 antikorlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mide kanseri riskinin 6 kat art\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Sigara: Sigara i\u00e7enlerde i\u00e7meyenlere g\u00f6re mide kanseri geli\u015fme riski daha fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f mide ameliyat\u0131, Kronik atrofik gastrit (mide y\u00fczeyinin uzun s\u00fcreli iltihab\u0131)<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Pernisiy\u00f6z anemi (mideyi etkileyen ve vitamin B12\u2019nin emilim bozuklu\u011fuyla giden bir kan hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Adenomat\u00f6z polipler ve ailesel polipler<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Aile hikayesi: Mide kanserinin nadir t\u00fcr\u00fc ailesel ge\u00e7i\u015flidir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda; radyasyon, aflatoksin, A kan grubu ve Epstein-Barr vir\u00fcs\u00fc infeksiyonlar\u0131 da say\u0131labilir. Bilinen risk fakt\u00f6rlerinin \u00e7o\u011funu ta\u015f\u0131yan ki\u015filerde mide kanseri geli\u015fmeyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Belirtiler<\/h4>\n<p>Mide kanseri genellikle ge\u00e7 belirti verir ve belirtiler hastal\u0131\u011fa \u00f6zg\u00fc de\u011fildir. Kar\u0131nda mide b\u00f6lgesinde belirli-belirsiz bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissi en s\u0131k ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 belirtidir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ileri evrelerinde en s\u0131k belirtiler kilo kayb\u0131 ve kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015ftahs\u0131zl\u0131k, halsizlik, yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bulant\u0131, kusma, midede dolgunluk ve \u015fi\u015fkinlik hissi di\u011fer belirtilerdir. Hastalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 karaci\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, kar\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 birikmesi veya sar\u0131l\u0131k gibi ilerlemi\u015f hastal\u0131k bulgular\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131karlar. \u0130leri evrelerde sol k\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fck kemi\u011fi \u00fcst\u00fc lenf bezi b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ele gelebilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Tan\u0131<\/h4>\n<p>Mide kanserinde temel tan\u0131 arac\u0131 \u00fcst gastrointestinal endoskopidir. Bu y\u00f6ntemle mide i\u00e7 y\u00fczeyi tamamen g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve \u015f\u00fcpheli alanlardan biyopsi al\u0131narak tan\u0131 konulur. Endoskopi ve biyopsi ile mide karsinomlar\u0131n\u0131n %95 \u2019den fazlas\u0131 tan\u0131mlanabilir. Tan\u0131 kesinle\u015ftikten sonra hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n derecesinin belirlenmesi i\u00e7in bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi, magnetik rezonans, abdominal ultrasonografi ve endosonografi hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n yayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yararl\u0131d\u0131rlar. Di\u011fer bir y\u00f6ntem de laparaskopidir (genel anestezi alt\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 bir kamera ile kar\u0131n i\u00e7erisine bak\u0131lmas\u0131).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Evreleme<\/h4>\n<p>Evreleme t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7evre dokulara yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, e\u011fer s\u0131\u00e7ram\u0131\u015f ise v\u00fccudun hangi k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 esaslar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r. Mide kanseri; lenf bezleri, karaci\u011fer, pankreas ve di\u011fer organlara yay\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Evre 0: Kanser midenin sadece i\u00e7 tabakas\u0131nda bulunur. Bu karsinoma in situ olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Evre I: T\u00fcm\u00f6r sadece submukoza tabakas\u0131na kadar yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Evre II: T\u00fcm\u00f6r sadece submukozadad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Evre III: T\u00fcm\u00f6r kas tabakas\u0131 veya subserozaya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Evre IV: Kanser h\u00fccreleri \u00e7evre organlara ve uzak organlara yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Tedavi Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h4>\n<p>Mide kanserini tedavisinde sindirim sistemi cerrah\u0131, medikal ve radyasyon onkologlar\u0131 ekip olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Tedavi se\u00e7iminiz genelde t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve yerle\u015fim yerine, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n evresine ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunuza ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Mide kanserinin tedavisi cerrahi, kemoterapi veya radyoterapiden olu\u015fur. Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye birden fazla tedavi \u00e7e\u015fidi uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Mide Kanserinde Cerrahi<\/h4>\n<p>Mide kanserinin ana tedavisi cerrahidir. Uygulanacak cerrahi y\u00f6ntem kanserin yerine, b\u00f6lgesel yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve uzak yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re planlan\u0131r. Uygulanacak cerrahi y\u00f6ntem gastrektomidir (Midenin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131) Midenin tamam\u0131 ya da \u00be \u2018\u00fc \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilir. Sindirim sistemi b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ince ba\u011f\u0131rsak kullan\u0131larak sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu operasyona dala\u011f\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u015flemi de eklenebilir. Cerrahi sonras\u0131 iyile\u015fme s\u00fcresi ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. \u0130lk birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7in rahats\u0131z olabilirsiniz. \u0130la\u00e7lar a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Klinik S\u00fcre\u00e7<\/h4>\n<p>Tam temizleyici cerrahi i\u015flemlerden sonra genel olarak 5 y\u0131l ya\u015fama olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 %25 dolay\u0131ndad\u0131r. Mide kanserinde ya\u015fam s\u00fcresini etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r uzak veya kar\u0131n i\u00e7i yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu bulgular var ise beklenen ya\u015fam s\u00fcresi 6-12 ay dolaylar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Erken tespit edilmi\u015f kanserde ise 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k ya\u015fam %95\u2019in \u00fczerinde olabilmektedir. Korunma Beslenme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek, taze meyve ve sebze t\u00fcketmek, t\u00fcts\u00fclenmi\u015f g\u0131dalardan ve alkol- sigaradan uzak durmak, mide kanseri gibi pek \u00e7ok kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in koruyucudur. Korumak ve korunmak hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 tedavi etmekten daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mide, yemek borusu ve ince ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Midenin her iki ucunda sfinkter ad\u0131 verilen birer vana vard\u0131r. Yemek borusu ve midenin \u00fcst k\u0131sm\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki valf kardiyac sfinkter olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Midenin alt k\u0131sm\u0131 ve duodenum aras\u0131ndaki valfe pilor sfinkter denir. Mide kanseri genellikle bir \u00fclser \u015feklinde ba\u015flar. Agresif yap\u0131da olup direk kom\u015fulukla, lenfatik yolla, &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":120,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[19],"class_list":["post-119","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-kanser-cerrahisi","tag-mide-kanseri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=119"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119\/revisions\/121"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/120"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=119"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=119"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/umuterenerdogdu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=119"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}